Vertical vs Horizontal Reservation Structure
Understanding reservation architecture is crucial for determining exact eligibility windows across central ministries and state service commissions.
Vertical reservations cover SC (15%), ST (7.5%), OBC (27% non-creamy layer), and EWS (10%). Horizontal quotas apply across categories for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwBD), Ex-Servicemen, and state female reservations.
Standard Age Relaxation Limits Across Categories
SC and ST candidates typically receive a 5-year upper age relaxation above the General category maximum limit.
OBC (Non-Creamy Layer) aspirants receive a 3-year extension. PwBD candidates are entitled to 10 years (General), 13 years (OBC), and 15 years (SC/ST).
EWS Income Criteria & Asset Limits
Economically Weaker Section (EWS) certificates require gross annual family income below ₹8 lakh for the preceding financial year.
The candidate's family must not own 5 acres of agricultural land, a residential flat of 1000 sq ft or more, or specified municipal plots as outlined in central guidelines.
OBC Non-Creamy Layer (NCL) Certificate Norms
OBC candidates must ensure their caste is listed in the Central OBC List for central government examinations.
The Non-Creamy Layer certificate must be issued within the valid financial year specified in the notification to avoid conversion into General category.
Domicile & Out-of-State Candidate Rules
For state service examinations, candidates belonging to reserved categories from other states are treated as Unreserved (General) category candidates.
Certain state positions mandate local resident domicile certificates or qualifying papers in the regional language to ensure administrative competence.
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